GOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTIONS

Abstract

Effective governance and accountability are central to ensuring the success of public health institutions, particularly in resource-limited settings. In Pakistan, a country grappling with a high burden of infectious diseases, malnutrition, and a fragmented healthcare system, improving the governance structures of public health institutions is critical for achieving better health outcomes. This article explores the existing challenges in governance and accountability within public health institutions in Pakistan, including issues of corruption, lack of transparency, and poor leadership. It proposes a framework for strengthening governance mechanisms that could enhance institutional performance, optimize resource allocation, and ensure equitable service delivery. The paper highlights the role of political will, civil society engagement, and technology in addressing governance challenges.